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All Who Believe and Are Born Again

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This article is about the Christian term. For other uses, encounter Born Once again.

Evangelical Christian term

Born again, or to experience the new birth, is a phrase, particularly in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human spirit. In dissimilarity to ane's physical nascency, being "born over again" is distinctly and separately acquired past baptism in the Holy Spirit, information technology is not acquired by baptism in h2o. It is a core doctrine of the denominations of the Anabaptist, Moravian, Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, Plymouth Brethren and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "You lot must exist born again earlier y'all can encounter, or enter, the Kingdom of Sky." Their doctrines also mandate that to be both "born again" and "saved", one must take a personal and intimate human relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [ii] [3] [4] [5] [half dozen]

In contemporary Christian usage and autonomously from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from like terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is being or becoming a Christian. This usage of the term is ordinarily linked to baptism with h2o and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to exist "born again" (significant in the "Holy Spirit") often state that they accept a "personal relationship with Jesus Christ".[7] [5] [6]

In addition to using this phrase with those who exercise not profess to be Christians, some Evangelical Christians use the phrase and evangelize those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This practice is based on the belief that not-Evangelical Christians, even those Christians who are professed Christians, are not "built-in again" and do not have a "personal relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should deliver to not-Evangelical Christians in the same way that they would evangelize to people who do not profess the Christian faith.

The phrase "born again" is also used as an adjective to draw individual members of the motion who espouse this belief, and information technology is also used equally an adjective to depict the motility itself ("born-again Christian" and the "born-again movement").

Origin [edit]

The term is derived from an effect in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were not understood by a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell yous, no one tin see the kingdom of God unless they are born over again." "How can someone exist built-in when they are old?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a second fourth dimension into their mother's womb to be built-in!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell you lot, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John affiliate iii, verses 3–5, NIV[8]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The word translated as again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could mean either "once more", or "from above".[ix] The double entendre is a effigy of voice communication that the gospel writer uses to create bewilderment or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is so clarified by either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes only the literal meaning from Jesus's argument, while Jesus clarifies that he means more of a spiritual rebirth from above. English translations accept to selection 1 sense of the phrase or another; the NIV, King James Version, and Revised Version use "born again", while the New Revised Standard Version[10] and the New English language Translation[11] prefer the "built-in from above" translation.[12] Most versions volition notation the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "born from above" is to exist preferred as the fundamental significant and he drew attention to phrases such as "birth of the Spirit",[thirteen] "birth from God",[14] but maintains that this necessarily carries with it an accent upon the newness of the life every bit given past God himself.[15]

The final utilise of the phrase occurs in the Kickoff Epistle of Peter, rendered in the King James Version equally:

Seeing ye take purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, [see that ye] dearest one another with a pure heart fervently: / Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.

—i Peter 1:22-23[16]

Here, the Greek word translated as "born again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish agreement of the promise of salvation is interpreted equally being rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, physical lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in fault—that every person must accept two births—natural birth of the physical body and another of the water and the spirit.[18] This discourse with Nicodemus established the Christian belief that all man beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must be "born again" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Campaigner Peter further reinforced this understanding in ane Peter i:23.[xix] [17] The Cosmic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the archaic church over the interpretation of the expression the seed of Abraham. It is [the Apostle Paul's] teaching in 1 case that all who are Christ's by faith are Abraham'south seed, and heirs according to promise. He is concerned, however, with the fact that the promise is not beingness fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective change wrought in the soul past the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such every bit new birth, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the mind, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to calorie-free.[21]

Jesus used the "birth" analogy in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine beginning. Contemporary Christian theologians have provided explanations for "born from above" beingness a more accurate translation of the original Greek word transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites 2 reasons why the newer translation is significant:

  1. The emphasis "from higher up" (implying "from Heaven") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the give-and-take "again" does non include the source of the new kind of beginning;
  2. More than personal improvement is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must exist from God."[23]

An early example of the term in its more than modern utilize appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Birth he writes, "none tin be holy unless he be born once again", and "except he be born over again, none can be happy even in this world. For ... a man should not be happy who is not holy." Also, "I say, [a man] may be born once more and then become an heir of salvation." Wesley as well states infants who are baptized are born once again, just for adults it is different:

our church supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same time built-in over again. ... Simply ... it is sure all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the aforementioned time born again.[24]

A Unitarian piece of work chosen The Gospel Ballast noted in the 1830s that the phrase was not mentioned past the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "It was not regarded by any of the Evangelists but John of sufficient importance to record." It adds that without John, "nosotros should hardly take known that it was necessary for ane to be born over again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to employ to Nicodemus particularly, and not to the world."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to ascertain how closely the stories of Jesus match the historical events they are based on, generally care for Jesus's conversation with Nicodemus in John 3 with skepticism. It details what is presumably a private conversation between Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making it unclear how a tape of this chat was acquired. In addition, the chat is recorded in no other aboriginal Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger issue is that the same problem English translations of the Bible take with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a problem in the Aramaic language as well: there is no single word in Aramaic that means both "again" and "from to a higher place", yet the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] As the conversation was betwixt two Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, there is no reason to call up that they'd accept spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that even if based on a existent conversation, the author of John heavily modified information technology to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted by the early on church fathers as a reference to baptism.[28] Modern Catholic interpreters have noted that the phrase 'born from above' or 'born again'[29] is clarified as 'beingness born of water and Spirit'.[30]

Catholic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the commencement of this new life, are said to come about ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of h2o and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early Church building regarded as taking place through baptism."[31]

The Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "proclamation of the Word, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of faith, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and admission to Eucharistic communion."[32] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new creature and an adopted son of God;[33] it incorporates them into the Torso of Christ[34] and creates a sacramental bond of unity leaving an enduring marker on our souls.[35] "Incorporated into Christ by Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the indelible spiritual marker (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, fifty-fifty if sin prevents Baptism from bearing the fruits of conservancy. Given once for all, Baptism cannot exist repeated."[36] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the motion of grace. "The first piece of work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved past grace, man turns toward God and abroad from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on loftier."[37]

The Cosmic Church too teaches that nether special circumstances the need for water baptism can be superseded past the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of desire', such as when catechumens die or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[38]

Pope John Paul 2 wrote in Catechesi Tradendae almost "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come up for catechesis in the parish without receiving whatever other initiation into the faith and still without any explicit personal zipper to Jesus Christ.".[39] He noted that "existence a Christian ways saying 'yes' to Jesus Christ, only allow u.s. recollect that this 'aye' has two levels: Information technology consists of surrendering to the word of God and relying on it, but information technology also ways, at a later stage, endeavoring to know better—and amend the profound meaning of this give-and-take."[40]

The modern expression existence "born again" is actually nigh the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the United States Briefing of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the credence of a personal relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to arrange ane's life to his."[41] To put it more simply "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine commitment to him and a personal decision to follow him as his disciple."[41]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul II, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required by our modern world called the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church herself, to the baptized who were never finer evangelized before, to those who have never made a personal delivery to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed by the values of the secular civilization, to those who have lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[42]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Cosmic Men's Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Military Gild of Malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal come across with Jesus Christ as a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-again experience is non simply an emotional, mystical loftier; the actually important affair is what happened in the convert's life after the moment or period of radical alter."[43]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church holds that "we are cleansed of our sins and built-in once more and renewed in Holy Baptism past the Holy Ghost. But she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The Old Adam so that daily a new man come up forth and ascend who walks earlier God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has over again lost the grace of baptism."[44]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Nascency, the Moravian Church holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a blithesome experience, in which the individual "accepts Christ every bit Lord" afterwards which faith "daily grows within the person."[45] For Moravians, "Christ lived as a man considering he wanted to provide a design for future generations" and "a converted person could attempt to live in his image and daily become more like Jesus."[45] As such, "middle faith" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[45] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, peculiarly missionary work, to spread the faith.[46]

Anabaptism [edit]

Anabaptist denominations, such as the Mennonites, teach that "Truthful faith entails a new nascence, a spiritual regeneration past God'due south grace and power; 'believers' are those who accept become the spiritual children of God."[47] In Anabaptist theology, the pathway to salvation, is "marked not by a forensic agreement of salvation by 'faith lone', simply past the entire procedure off repentance, self-denial, organized religion rebirth and obedience."[47] Those who wish to tarry this path receive baptism after the New Birth.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born again is mentioned in the 39 Articles of the Anglican Church in article Fifteen, entitled "Of Christ solitary without Sin". In role, it reads: "sin, as S. John saith, was not in Him. Simply all we the residual, although baptized and born again in Christ, withal offend in many things: and if nosotros say we accept no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is non in us."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and built-in again in Christ" occurs in Article Xv, the reference is clearly to the scripture passage in John 3:3.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of one's regeneration, which is of comfort to the laic.[50] The time of i's regeneration, however, is a mystery to oneself co-ordinate to the Canons of Dort.[50]

According to the Reformed churches being born again refers to "the inward working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to respond to the effectual call". According to the Westminster Shorter Catechism, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, specially the word, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the work of God's Spirit, whereby, convincing the states of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable us to encompass Jesus Christ, freely offered to us in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes religion."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole cause of regeneration or being born again is the will of God. God first sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and just in consequence of that do we act. Therefore, the private is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God will do. Regeneration is a alter wrought in united states by God, non an autonomous deed performed by us for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Primal Yearly Coming together of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine work of initial salvation (Tit. three:v), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. 5:18) and adoption (Rom. 8:fifteen, xvi)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Birth], there is a "transformation in the heart of the laic wherein he finds himself a new cosmos in Christ (2 Cor. 5:17; Col. 1:27)."[3]

Post-obit the New Birth, George Fox taught the possibility of "holiness of heart and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new nascency" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new birth is necessary for salvation because it marks the movement toward holiness. That comes with faith."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Birth "is that great change which God works in the soul when he brings it into life, when he raises information technology from the death of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [i] In the life of a Christian, the new birth is considered the first piece of work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Manufactures of Faith, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new birth."[60] The Methodist Visitor in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must be born again.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you. Admit Him to your eye. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and g shalt be saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains 2 phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these two phases of the new nascency occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two dissever and distinct acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial act of God whereby a soul is granted complete absolution from all guilt and a full release from the penalty of sin (Romans 3:23-25). This act of divine grace is wrought by religion in the merits of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans 5:1). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral character of man, from the love and life of sin to the love of God and the life of righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:17; i Peter 1:23). ―Principles of Faith, Emmanuel Association of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that people are built-in again when they believe that Jesus died for their sin, and was buried, and rose again (one Cor 15:3-4), and that by believing/trusting in Jesus' expiry, burial and resurrection, eternal life shall exist granted equally a gift past God (John three:14-16, Acts 10:43, Romans 6:23). Those who have been built-in again, co-ordinate to Baptist teaching, know that they are "[children] of God because the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. assurance).[64]

Plymouth Brethren [edit]

The Plymouth Brethren teach that the New Birth effects conservancy and those who bear witness that they take been built-in again, repented, and have faith in the Scriptures are given the correct hand of fellowship, after which they tin partake of the Lord's Supper.[65]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (first work of grace), unabridged sanctification (second work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced by glossolalia, equally the 3rd work of grace.[66] [67] The New Birth, co-ordinate to Pentecostal teaching, imparts "spiritual life".[four]

Jehovah's Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that individuals do non have the power to choose to exist born again, but that God calls and selects his followers "from above".[68] Only those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to exist built-in once again.[69] [70]

The Church building of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints [edit]

The Book of Mormon emphasizes the need for everyone to exist reborn of God.[71]

Disagreements between denominations [edit]

The term "born over again" is used by several Christian denominations, but at that place are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to be built-in-again Christians.

Catholic Answers says:

Catholics should ask [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are you born again—the style the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has not been properly h2o baptized, he has not been built-in again "the Bible mode," regardless of what he may call back.[72]

On the other hand, an Evangelical site argues:

Some other of many examples is the Catholic who claims he also is "born again." ... However, what the committed Catholic means is that he received his spiritual birth when he was baptized—either as an infant or when every bit an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's not what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must exist built-in again."[73] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which have different meanings for Catholics has go an effective tool in Rome's ecumenical agenda.[74]

The Reformed view of regeneration may be set apart from other outlooks in at least two ways.

First, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known as baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may accept place at any time in a person'south life, even in the womb. It is not somehow the automatic effect of baptism. Second, it is common for many other evangelical branches of the church to speak of repentance and faith leading to regeneration (i.e., people are born again just after they practice saving faith). By contrast, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and total depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to exercise saving faith. ... Regeneration is entirely the work of God the Holy Spirit - we tin can do goose egg on our own to obtain it. God alone raises the elect from spiritual death to new life in Christ.[75] [76]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used various metaphors to describe its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism by the power of the water and the spirit. This remains the mutual understanding in nearly of Christendom, held, for example, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[44] Anglicanism,[77] and in other celebrated branches of Protestantism. However, one-time later the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression built-in again [78] every bit an experience of religious conversion,[79] symbolized by deep-water baptism, and rooted in a delivery to one'south ain personal religion in Jesus Christ for salvation. This same belief is, historically, also an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[80] [81] and is connected with the doctrine of Justification.[82]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has often been identified with a definite, temporally datable form of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic blazon, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, it leads to an activation of the capabilities for agreement, to the breakthrough of a "vision". With others it leads to the discovery of an unexpected dazzler in the order of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious meaning of history. With nonetheless others information technology leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of dearest of neighbor. ... each person affected perceives his life in Christ at any given fourth dimension as "newness of life."[83]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Born again is a phrase used past many Protestants to describe the phenomenon of gaining religion in Jesus Christ. It is an feel when everything they have been taught as Christians becomes existent, and they develop a directly and personal relationship with God.[84]

According to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to be judgmental, making a distinction between genuine and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, similar the stardom between liberal and conservative Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems historic, like the segmentation between Catholic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] usually includes the notion of human selection in salvation and excludes a view of divine election by grace alone.[85]

The term born once more has become widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the late 1960s, first in the United States and and then around the world. Associated maybe initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, born once again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in gild to be saved from hell and given eternal life with God in sky, and was increasingly used as a term to identify devout believers.[12] By the mid-1970s, born again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media every bit part of the born again movement.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson's book Born Once again gained international notice. Fourth dimension magazine named him "One of the 25 most influential Evangelicals in America."[86] The term was sufficiently prevalent and so that during the twelvemonth'due south presidential campaign, Autonomous political party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself as "born once more" in the first Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a significant role in solidifying the "born again" identity as a cultural construct in the US. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to take a "personal encounter with God." He recalls:

while I saturday alone staring at the sea I love, words I had not been certain I could empathize or say roughshod from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in Yous. I accept You lot. Delight come up into my life. I commit information technology to You." With these few words...came a sureness of heed that matched the depth of feeling in my heart. There came something more: forcefulness and tranquility, a wonderful new balls well-nigh life, a fresh perception of myself in the world effectually me.[87]

Jimmy Carter was the first President of the United States to publicly declare that he was born-again, in 1976.[88] Past the 1980 campaign, all 3 major candidates stated that they had been born once again.[89]

Sider and Knippers[90] state that "Ronald Reagan'southward election that fall [was] aided by the votes of 61% of 'built-in-again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.S. adults said they were born-again or evangelical; the 2004 percentage is 41%" and that, "Blackness Americans are far more than likely to identify themselves as born-again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks saying they are born-again, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more likely to say they are built-in-again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[91]

The Oxford Handbook of Organized religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'born-once again' identification is associated with lower support for government anti-poverty programs." Information technology also notes that "self-reported born-again" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economical policy."[92]

Names which have been inspired by the term [edit]

The thought of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[93] some common European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croation Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "born again".[94]

Statistics [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a born-again question on three occasions ... 'Would you say yous take been 'born over again' or have had a 'born-over again' experience?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, blackness, and Latino Protestants tend to respond similarly, with most two-thirds of each group answering in the affirmative. In contrast, simply about one third of mainline Protestants and one sixth of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) claim a born-again experience." Nevertheless, the handbook suggests that "born-again questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... it is likely that people who report a born-again experience also claim it as an identity."[95]

See also [edit]

  • Altar telephone call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held past major Christian denomination
  • Built-in-once more virgin – Person who commits to abstinence afterwards having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Act of consecration of children
  • Jesus movement – Former evangelical Christian movement
  • Dvija – Twice-born condition of Hindu male person subsequently Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to whatever prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Faith. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved 10 April 2014. The new birth is necessary for conservancy considering it marks the motility toward holiness. That comes with religion.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. 50. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Manual of Faith and Do of Central Yearly Coming together of Friends. Primal Yearly Meeting of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Wood, William West. (1965). Civilization and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Religion. Mouton & Company. p. 18. ISBN978-3-11-204424-7.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of evolution: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economics in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved xxx July 2011. A senior staff member in World Vision's California part elaborated on the importance of being "built-in again," emphasizing a fundamental "relationship" between individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal human relationship with Christ [is] that it'south not just a matter of going to Christ or existence baptized when yous are an infant. Nosotros believe that people need to be regenerated. They need a spiritual rebirth. The demand to be born once more. ...You must exist born once again before you lot can run across, or enter, the Kingdom of Sky."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved xxx July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the distinction of a born again believer is a personal experience of God that leads to a personal human relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Price, Robert Grand. (1993). Beyond Born Again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Printing. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. I have a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John 3:3-5
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick W., et al, A Greek-English Dictionary of the New Attestation and Other Early on Christian Literature, 3rd ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically run into the first (from above) and quaternary (again, anew) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn three:3 Cyberspace
  11. ^ Jn three:3 Cyberspace
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn 1:5
  14. ^ cf. Jn one:12-13; 1Jn ii:29, 3:nine, iv:seven, 5:eighteen
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.N.(ed), The Quaternary Gospel, Faber & Faber 2nd ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter ane:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Away the Veil: To See Beyond the Drape of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Dictionary. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-8.
  19. ^ 1Peter 1:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Promise (in Scripture)". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Visitor, 1911. 15 November 2009.[ane]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Book 3 - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Retrieved xi September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Lexicon. thirty July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Adult female in the World of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-6
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church building, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel anchor. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [two]
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External links [edit]

  • The New Nascency, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley's teaching on being born again, and argument that it is fundamental to Christianity.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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